Structured Settlement Information


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What is a Structured Settlement?

A structured settlement is a financial or insurance arrangement, including periodic payments, that a claimant accepts to resolve a personal injury tort claim or to compromise a statutory periodic payment obligation. Structured settlements were first utilized in Canada and the United States during the 1970s as an alternative to lump sum settlements. Structured settlements are now part of the statutory tort law of several common law countries including Australia, Canada, England and the United States. Although some uniformity exists, each of these countries has its own definitions, rules and standards for structured settlements. Structured settlements may include income tax and spendthrift requirements as well as benefits. Structured settlement payments are sometimes called “periodic payments.” A structured settlement incorporated into a trial judgment is called a “periodic payment judgment."

Structured Settlements in The United States

The United States has enacted structured settlement laws and regulations at both the federal and state levels. Federal structured settlement laws include sections of the (federal) Internal Revenue Code. State structured settlement laws include structured settlement protection statutes and periodic payment of judgment statutes. Medicaid and Medicare laws and regulations affect structured settlements. To preserve a claimant’s Medicare and Medicaid benefits, structured settlement payments may be incorporated into “Medicare Set Aside Arrangements” “Special Needs Trusts." Structured settlements have been endorsed by many of the nation's largest disability rights organizations, including the American Association of People with Disabilities and the National Organization on Disability.

Definitions

The United States definition of “structured settlement” for federal income taxation purposes, found in Internal Revenue Code Section 5891(c)(1), is an "arrangement" that meets the following requirements:

1. A structured settlement must be established by:

 - A suit or agreement for periodic payment of damages excludable from gross income under Internal    Revenue Code Section 104(a)(2); or
 - An agreement for the periodic payment of compensation under any workers’ compensation law    excludable under Internal Revenue Code Section 104(a)(1); and

2. The periodic payments must be of the character described in subparagraphs (A) and (B) of Internal     Revenue Code Section 130(c)(2) and must be payable by a person who:

 - Is a party to the suit or agreement or to a workers' compensation claim; or
 - By a person who has assumed the liability for such periodic payments under a qualified assignment in    accordance with Internal Revenue Code Section 130.